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computer-go: Chaos theory and Go
Because of the recent discussion about chaos theory, I cannot help but think
about this subject. Well I'm not an expert in chaos theory. Following is some
comments I came up.
In general, chaos theory studies a dynamic system. That is the evolvement of
a function of time and space variables, or time and some other variables. Or
in general, the evolvement of a function of some variables. The evolvement of
this function is governed by it's intrinsic nature. This is usually in the
form of a differential equation. To form a dynamic system, there must be
interactions or driving forces. This drving force usually appears in the
differential equation as one or several terms. Note that even the driving
force equals to zero, the differential equation still exists. And the
solution of this reduced equation are just plane waves or equivalent, which,
apparently, are not chaotic.
Now let's go back to Go. To apply chaos theory to Go we immediately face
several problems. First, what's the function that is to be evolved? What's
the variables of this function? May be we can define a function or something
silimlar as the sequence of moves. Let's assume the board position is the
variable. Even so we are confronted with other problems. What's the equation
govern the evolvement of our function? And what is the driving force? Well,
we may say, to get the maximum score at the end of the game is the driving
force. Apparently, all these problems must be solved to achieve a successful
theory.
Even with above crude definitions, some interesting observations can be drawn.
1. From above definition, one can see that the function value itself becomes
part of the variable for the future evolution of the function. This may
indicate that the governing equation is nonlinear. If this is true, the
system we defined is possible to be chaotic. Because we know chaotic system
is usually governed by nonlinear equations.
2. What's the plane wave solutions of our equation? If without the drving
force, we know we can play the game any way we want. Thus, the plane wave
solutions of our equation is just any legal sequences of moves.
3. Because the move sequence has to be legal, the governing equation depends
on the set of Go rules.
4. Then can our equation descibe a game between the theory and a human or a
game between two humans? The answer is yes. All we need to do is just find
the proper diving force terms. A human opponent will be represented by a
force term. Since it's not plausible to find a term that can determine a
human player exactly, our function becomes a function of random variables.
5. When our equation describe a game between two humans, the driving force is
no longer to get the maximum score at the end of the game. Even though this
is the goal for both players, due to non-perfection of human players, it
becomes distorted.
Apparently, there are many flaws in my comment. As a Chinese proverb says 'if
one person throw out stones, due to chain reaction, someone else may throw
out gems and gold nuggets'. This is my purpose.
Dan Liu